- PMID: 26424906 [PubMed - in process]
Can J Vet Res. 2015 Oct;79(4):268-78.
Descriptive analysis and spatial epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) for swine sites participating in area regional control and elimination programs from 3 regions of Ontario.
Abstract
The
objectives of this study were to describe demographics, basic
biosecurity practices, ownership structure, and prevalence of porcine
reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in swine sites located in 3
regions in Ontario, and investigate the presence of spatial clustering
and clusters of PRRS positive sites in the 3 regions. A total of 370
swine sites were enrolled in Area Regional Control and Elimination
projects in Niagara, Watford, and Perth from 2010 to 2013. Demographics,
biosecurity, and site ownership data were collected using a
standardized questionnaire and site locations were obtained from an
industry organization. Status was assigned on the basis of available
diagnostic tests and/or assessment by site veterinarians. Spatial
dependence was investigated using the D-function, the spatial scan
statistic test and the spatial relative risk method. Results showed that
the use of strict all-in all-out (AIAO) pig flow and shower before
entry are uncommon biosecurity practices in swine sites, but a larger
proportion of sites reported having a Danish entry. The prevalence of
PRRS in the 3 regions ranged from 17% to 48% and localized high and low
risk clusters were detected. Sites enrolled in the PRRS control projects
were characterized by membership in multiple and overlapping ownership
structures and networks, which complicates the way the results of
monitoring and disease management measures are communicated to the
target population.
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